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Bidding War
The Complete Home Buyer's Guide to Success
Bidding War
It sounds ugly, but doesn't have to be if you know how to work it
What Is a Bidding War?
A bidding war refers to a circumstance in which two or more prospective buyers of a property compete for ownership through incrementally increasing bids.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
- A bidding war occurs when two or more entities vie for ownership of a property or business.
- As with an auction, a bidding war often happens at a rapid pace, leaving the participants vulnerable to making ill-advised investment choices.
- Speculators often include an escalation clause in their bids, which automatically ups the bid by a set amount when a competing offer is made, up to an agreed upon maximum limit.
How a Bidding War Works
A bidding war occurs when potential buyers of a property compete for ownership through a series of increasing price bids, sometimes pushing the final price up past the original value of the property. Bidding wars commonly occur when buyers vie for ownership of a house, a building, or a business in a particularly desirable location and especially in the midst of a seller’s market. Similar to an auction, a bidding war often occurs at a rapid pace, meaning that during a bidding war potential buyers are vulnerable to making rash or emotional investment decisions.
Example of a Bidding War
Alice and Brynne each desire to buy a house listed at $250,000. Alice offers the list price, and Brynne responds with an offer of $260,000. Determined to buy the house, Alice offers $270,000. Brynne counters with a $280,000 offer. Alice recognizes that she has a bidding cap of $300,000, so her next bid is a $20,000 raise. Brynne concedes, and Alice purchases the home for $50,000 more than the original list price, which makes the seller quite happy.
IMPORTANT: Escalation clauses can backfire if a competitor has advance knowledge of the clause’s maximum limit.
Special Considerations
When a real estate market becomes highly competitive, some investors and speculators choose to implement escalation clauses into their bidding contract on a property. An escalation clause is essentially a statement that indicates a base bid price for the property and an agreement to automatically increase that bid by a certain amount if another buyer submits a verified higher bid. Typically, an escalation clause will also include a the maximum price the buyer is willing to pay for that property.
If, for instance, in the above example Alice and Brynne each had incorporated escalation clauses increasing their bids by $10,000 until meeting a $300,000 cap, the outcome would be different. Alice’s initial offer of $250,000 would be met with Brynne’s offer of $260,000. Alice’s escalation clause would respond with a $270,000 offer, and Brynne would then offer $280,000. After Alice’s next offer of $290,000, Brynne would win the bidding war with a $300,000 bid.
This strategy, while convenient, has its drawbacks. Typically, a seller of a property will be aware of the maximum price set in an escalation clause, meaning that the seller can be aware of how much the potential buyer is willing to pay.
